Key takeaways
- Computer science is the field of study involving the design, development, and implementation of computer systems.
- The ideal qualification in computer science is a bachelor’s degree offering the most promising career prospects.
- In-demand specializations in computer science include AI, data science, cybersecurity, and information security.
- Highly sought-after computer science skills include tech support, AI, machine learning, and programming.
- Renowned colleges offering bachelor’s degrees include Florida Polytechnic Institute of Technology, the University of Michigan, and the University of California, Berkeley.
- Southern New Hampshire University, Arizona State University, and University of Illinois Springfield offer an online computer science bachelor’s degree.
- The average annual salary for computer science and IT occupations is more than twice that of the national average for all occupations.
Computer science is a continuously evolving field presenting many exciting employment opportunities. It is what fuels development in our society, powers new technologies, drives digital innovation, and shapes our world as we know it. If you are passionate about developing new applications and technologies and aspire to obtain high-paying jobs, this field is right for you.
In this guide, you will find all you need to know about computer science degrees, the best colleges for computer science, available career opportunities, and even computer science salary information.
What is computer science?
Computer science is defined as the study of computer systems, software, and hardware. It is a broad field with many subdisciplines and concentration areas. These include software development, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), cybersecurity, algorithms and data structures, computer architecture, web design, and more.
A formal education in the field can prepare students for a financially and creatively rewarding career. Through the program, you will learn the design, development, and implementation of computer hardware and software.
Qualified professionals employed in computer science use their skills and knowledge to develop software, systems, and applications to solve real-world problems and improve quality of life.
What does a computer science degree entail?
You can pursue an associate’s or a bachelor’s degree in computer science at the undergraduate level. To further advance your career, you can pursue advanced degrees such as a master’s or even a PhD.
Associate Computer Science degree
An associate degree lasts two years and provides a strong foundation in core computer science concepts. It is a pre-professional degree that prepares students for a bachelor’s degree, or entry-level supportive job roles in the field.
Some skills you will learn in the program include:
- Programming
- Database management
- Networking
- Computer maintenance
Bachelor’s computer science degree
A bachelor’s degree lasts four years and features a comprehensive curriculum equipping students with in-depth knowledge and a diverse skill set. It is a professional qualification that prepares graduates for entry-level jobs in the field of computer science. At the undergraduate level, it is the highest level of qualification you can pursue and offers the most value.
Some skills you will learn in the program include:
- Programming
- Database administration
- Data structures
- Algorithms
- Operating systems
Master’s computer science degree
A master’s degree lasts 1 to 3 years and is an advanced professional degree that enhances a job applicant’s eligibility. With a master’s degree students develop advanced skill sets and graduates can obtain upper managerial-level positions. Some skills you will learn in a master’s program include:
- Artificial intelligence
- Data structures
- Network security
- Programming languages
PhD in computer science
A doctorate lasts 3 to 5 years but can be extended up to 8 years in some cases. With a PhD in computer science, graduates can pursue jobs in teaching and research in the field. Some skills you will learn in a doctorate include:
- Programming
- Database administration
- Analytical and writing skills
- Research methodologies
A bachelor’s degree in computer science – In-depth degree guide
A bachelor’s degree is a four-year program that equips students with a broad range of skills and an in-depth understanding of computer systems and computation. The program features a diverse curriculum with both theoretical and practical classes. Students not only learn the fundamentals of computer systems and computing but also develop a practical skill set through hands-on learning opportunities. Upon graduation, you will possess the skills needed for the design, development, and implementation of software and hardware systems.
At the bachelor level, you can pursue either a Bachelor of Arts (BA) or a Bachelor of Science (BS) in Computer Science. While neither is superior to the other, the two take different approaches to formal education in the field. A BA focuses on building skills that may be useful outside the IT field, whereas a BS emphasizes building technical skills. However, the exact learning takeaways depend on the curriculum and your choice of concentration areas in computer science.
Typical program curriculum
While the exact program curriculum of an undergraduate computer science degree varies by college, and your choice of concentration, it will feature a combination of general education, core-specific, concentration-specific courses, and electives. The program features courses covering a wide range of topics in Mathematics, Data Structures and Algorithms, Software Design and Engineering, Cybersecurity, Computer Applications, Programming Languages, Operating Systems, and more.
Some core courses you may come across include:
Introduction to Computer Science
- Web Development
- Legal & Ethical Issues in Computer Science
- Cyber Law and Ethics
- Software Interface Design
- Quantum Computing
- Introduction to Machine Learning
- Data Mining
- Calculus
Available Specializations
Computer science is a vast field offering many specializations. Depending on where you study, you may come across one or a few of the following:
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence specialization involves the study of learning tools and techniques needed to equip machines with simulated human intelligence. Even though pursuing a computer science major can prepare you for a career in AI, enhancing your knowledge of the field is essential if your career aspiration is to become an AI expert.
In the specialization, you can expect to take courses such as:
- Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
- History and Philosophy of AI
- Technologies and Platforms for Artificial Intelligence
- Machine Learning
- Applications of AI
Human-Computer Interaction
The Human-Computer Interaction studies the way people interact with computers. Through the specialization, you will learn research methodologies, and design tools and techniques to ensure users have a satisfying computer interaction experience. Some courses you can come across in this specialization are:
- Principles of User Interface Software
- Software Requirements Analysis and Specifications
- Design of Online Communities
- User Psychology
- Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning
Game Design
If you have a creative inclination and a passion for games, a game design degree or specialization is ideal for you. Here, you will learn game mechanics, story writing, graphic designing, and development of game systems. Some courses you can expect to take include:
- Game Architecture and Design
- Game Development
- Foundations of Game Production
- Character Modeling
- Color and Composition
Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity experts are in high demand as the rate of cybercriminal activities is rising. Through the specialization, students develop the skills needed to strengthen the security of computer networks and systems. Some courses you can expect to take in the field include:
- Computer Network Security
- Cryptography
- Communication Networks
- Modern Digital Systems Design
- Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms
Network Security
Network and information security is the top priority for all organizations including business and government. Through the specialization, students learn how to implement security protocols to ensure safe transmission of data and storage. Some courses in the specialization include:
- Wireless Network Security
- Information Technology and Law
- Operating Systems Principles
- Fundamentals of Network Security
- Technologies of Network Security
Computer Graphics
Through this specialization, you will learn how to design 2D and 3D visuals and effects for software applications. You will also learn image processing and develop proficiencies in digital design tools. Some courses you can expect to take in the specialization are:
- Introduction to Computer Graphics
- Introduction to Image Processing
- Computers for Visual Arts
- Computer Modeling and Simulation
- Fundamentals of 3D Compositing
Data Science
This specialization equips students with the knowledge needed to take large quantities of seemingly unrelated data, analyze it, and find patterns and correlations. Data science and data analytics enable data-backed decision-making in all aspects of business operations. Some courses you can expect to take in the specialization include:
- Introduction to Data Science
- Theoretical Foundations in Data Science
- Machine Learning and Econometrics
- Data Science Scaling, Application, and Ethics
- Data Visualization
Programming Languages
In this specialization, you will not only learn how to use and implement programming languages but also learn how to develop new languages. If you aspire to develop comprehensive expertise in high and low-level programming languages, this is the specialization for you. Some courses you can expect to take in this specialization include:
- System Programming with C and Unix
- Advanced Functional Programming
- 423 Compilers
- Fundamentals of Computing Theory
- Data Structures
Software Engineering
The software engineering specialization features a blend of programming and engineering courses. Through the specialization, you will learn how to create software for a variety of applications. Some courses you can expect to take are:
- Introduction to Software Systems
- Discrete Structures for Computer Science
- Object-Oriented Software Methods
- Software Engineering for Information Systems
- Introduction to Algorithm Design and Analysis
Systems
If you enjoy building and working with your hands, this is the specialization for you. Here, you will learn to deal with system components and machine structure. You will develop the skills needed to assemble computer hardware, build computer networks and links, and manage different input and output devices. Courses in the specialization can include:
- Computer Structures
- Data Structures
- Discrete Structures for Computer Science
- Introduction to Computers and Programming
- Introduction to Computer Networks
Theory/ Foundations
Through this specialization, you will develop an understanding of computing theory and architecture and build expertise in algorithm design, and algorithm analysis. You will also learn the theory of languages, computational models, program verification, database concepts, and more. It is ideal for those who have a strong foundation and expertise in math. Some courses you can expect to take in the specialization are:
- Calculus
- Fundamentals of Computing Theory
- Principles of Machine Learning
- Database Concepts
- Algorithm Design and Analysis
In-demand computer science skills in 2025
You can tailor your learning takeaways by choosing electives and concentration areas that align with your career aspirations. If you want to enhance your eligibility and give your resume a boost, here are some skills you should focus on developing in your computer science bachelor’s degree.
- Artificial Intelligence – As of August 2024, 2% of all job openings in the US are for AI-related roles as per an article by Forbes.
- Tech Support – According to a report by BLS, the demand for IT support specialists is to grow by 6% from 2023-2033.
- Cybersecurity – The demand for security experts and professionals is to grow by 32% according to a report by BLS.
- Programming – Proficiency in Python, C++, JavaScript, Ruby, and PowerShell is high in demand.
- Data Analytics – The demand for Data Scientists and Analysts is growing at 36%, a rate significantly higher than the national average BLS reports.
- Systems and Networks -Ensuring systems and networks operate smoothly and efficiently is another computer science skill that is in high demand.
Admission requirements
A computer science degree is ideal for students with an interest in computers, IT, and mathematics. Each college has some general and some specific admission requirements. General education requirements for a bachelor’s degree are:
- High school transcripts
- Standardized test scores (ACT/SAT)
- Letters of recommendation
- Statement of purpose/college essay
- Languages testing scores – for international students
Specific education requirements vary by college and program. To give you an idea of what these can be, the following are the minimum specific requirements for admission to the New York Institute of Technology’s Computer Science, B.S.
- Minimum SAT Score Math – 550
- Minimum Combined SAT Score (Math and Critical Reading) – 1080
- Three years of math in high school
If you are applying for a bachelor’s degree after completing an associate degree, the general education requirements are similar. The only difference is that you will have to submit your degree transcripts instead of high school transcripts and standardized test scores.
However, the specific admission requirements are quite detailed and are mentioned below:
- Minimum cumulative CGPA of 2.3
- At least 12 completed required credits of math, physics, engineering, and computer science.
At the New York Institute of Technology, you can take advanced challenge examinations to satisfy the specific course credit requirements.
Graduation requirements
Graduation requirements also vary by college and program. Some colleges have lenient requirements with lower minimum CGPA requirements, while others have stringent requirements. Generally, students must meet the following:
- Minimum GPA requirements
- Completion of required credits
- Completion of capstone projects/ research
- Fulfillment of internship requirements
The minimum CGPA can range from 2.0 to 2.5. In some colleges, it may even be higher, especially for scholarship students. Similarly, the exact credit hour distribution will also vary. Make sure you check the program curriculum to determine how many general education credits, computer science majors, and elective credits you need to earn your degree.
Colleges offering a computer science bachelor’s degree
You can become a qualified computer science professional with a computer science degree. Here is a list of some of the best colleges for a bachelor of computer science.
| College | Acceptance % | Graduation % | Tuition |
| New York Institute of Technology | 76% | 53% | $44,360 |
| West Cliff University | 67% | 53% | $730 per credit |
| Schiller International University | 100% | 13% | $13,680 |
| University of California, Berkeley | 11% | 93% | $14,850 in-state
$45,627 out-of-state |
| University of North Georgia | 70% | 41% | $6,898 in-state
$21,898 out-of-state |
| Florida Polytechnic University | 56% | 38% | $4,940 in-state
$21,005 out-of-state |
| Duke University | 6% | 95% | $65,805 |
| George Mason University | 90% | 70% | $13,815 in-state
$39,397 out-of-state |
| Radford University | 93% | 55% | $12,286 in-state
$25,185 out-of-state |
| University of Michigan | 18% | 93% | $17,228 in-state
$58,072 out-of-state |
Do colleges offer an online computer science degree?
Several colleges and universities across the US also offer computer science degrees online. While many college students prefer the traditional on-campus mode of learning, many others seek online alternatives for the many benefits it presents.
Firstly, it removes geographical barriers. Even international students can enroll in the program without having to worry about arranging a visa, accounting for travel and accommodation costs, and considering the psychological stress that comes with shifting to another country.
Secondly, whether you are pursuing a synchronous or an asynchronous program, you enjoy greater flexibility and convenience in a distance learning environment. You can take your classes from anywhere, and the time saved in commute can be utilized more efficiently. You can pursue a job alongside your education. Those enrolled in an asynchronous program can even opt for a full-time job as they don’t have to stick to a campus class schedule.
Lastly, it is cost-efficient. The overall cost of attending an online program is limited to tuition, books, and material costs. You don’t have to arrange accommodation or account for travel and utility costs, making an online program quite affordable.
However, students must keep in mind the lack of a schedule, in-person interaction, and real-time class participation also present challenges. To be suitable for an online learning program, you must also be disciplined, self-motivated, and great at time management. Moreover, you should be self-reliant as you cannot rely on resources and technical support from campus.
Colleges offering a computer science bachelor’s degree online
| College | Acceptance % | Graduation % | Tuition |
| Southern New Hampshire University | 96% | 39% | $16,450 |
| Oregon State University | 83% | 66% | $14,400 in-state
$38,190 out-of-state |
| University of Illinois Springfield | 82% | 60% | $12,262 in-state
$22,027 out-of-state |
| Arizona State University | 90% | 66% | $12,939 in-state
$37,085 out-of-state |
| Maryville University at St Louis | 88% | 71% | $27,166 |
Computer science jobs you can get with a bachelor’s degree
When choosing a field potential job opportunities and earning potential are two major considerations. Here, is a list of potential jobs and the average salary for computer science occupations.
| Job title | Average salary | Job growth % |
| Computer and Information Research Scientist | $145,080 | 26% (2023-2033) |
| Computer Network Architect | $129,840 | 13% |
| Information Security Analyst | $120,360 | 33% |
| Software Developers | 132,270 | 17% |
| Network and Computer Systems Administrators | $95,360 | -3% |
| Database Administrators and Architects | $117,450 | 9% |
| Computer Support Specialist | $60,810 | 6% |
Hiring trends and computer science industry overview
Ever since COVID-19, the tech industry has been in turmoil. The massive layoffs in major tech companies, including big names such as Amazon, Meta, and Microsoft only add to the uncertainty of aspiring computer and IT professionals. However, the overall market outlook as detailed by the United Bureau of Labor Statistics is bright.
In its Occupational Outlook Handbook for Computer and IT Occupations, the organization predicts 356,700 job openings from 2023 to 2033. As per the report, the average median annual salary of these occupations is $104,420, which is significantly higher than the average salary of all occupations in the US at $48,060.
For the majority of occupations in Computer and IT, a bachelor’s degree is the required and preferred qualification along with a job-relevant skill set. However, if you aspire to become a Computer and Information Research Scientist, you need a master’s degree to qualify for such job roles.
Frequently asked questions about computer science
Computer science is a highly technical field, so it is only natural to have questions about the program. Here are the answers to some frequently asked questions about computer science.
Computer science vs computer engineering
Computer science and computer engineering are both tech-related fields of study. However, the two are quite different in their scope of learning. A computer science degree involves the study of design, development, and implementation of software, applications, algorithms, networks, databases, and more.
A computer engineering degree equips students with the knowledge and skills needed to design and develop computer hardware systems. Computer engineering students undertake courses in computer science and engineering and even computer science students can pursue Systems as a specialization in the program to become eligible for computer engineering roles.
Can you take a computer science degree online?
Yes, you can take a computer science degree online. In fact, several colleges and universities across the US are offering distance learning programs for aspiring college students. Not only is an online program more affordable, but it is also easily accessible making it an attractive option for those who are geographically limited.
Is an associate enough for computer science?
While an associate may be good enough for a variety of occupations, it is not enough for aspiring computer science professionals. Not only do graduates need a bachelor’s degree, but also specific IT skills that determine their eligibility. Additionally, employers prefer job applicants with a bachelor’s degree as is evidenced by the hiring trends highlighted in a survey by the United Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Is theoretical computer science a part of mathematics?
Theoretical computer science is considered a part of both computer science and mathematics. Thus, yes it can be said that it is a part of mathematics.
Does a computer science degree make you good money?
Computer science occupations are among the highest-paid jobs in the world. The median annual salary of occupations in this field is two times higher than the national average for all occupations at $104,420. In comparison, the average salary for all occupations is $48,060.
What does a job consist of in computer science?
Jobs in computer science are varied, and job roles and responsibilities are dependent on the role you pursue. Generally, computer science graduates seek jobs in the design, development, and implementation of software applications. However, the exact job role and responsibilities will depend on the job you are applying for which is dependent on the skill set you have and the concentration you pursue.
Become a computer science professional today!
If you want to become a part of the tech industry, a computer science degree is ideal for you. As long as you have a clear vision and career aspirations, a computer science degree can equip you with the skills needed to lead a successful and financially rewarding career. However, make sure you develop a specialized skill set in a subfield that is in high demand rather than building a generic skill set.
Degree and career guides by All Bachelor Degrees can help you set career goals. The educational platform also offers a free AI Essay Generator and a college search tool to help you with your college application.